Genotoxic Activities of Polysaccharides from Cotyledon and Coat of Fermented and Unfermented Annona squamosa L. Seed

Dare, Christianah Adebimpe; Oyedapo, Oluokun Oluboade; Akinlalu, Akintunde Oluseto; Komolafe, Ige Joseph; Fajobi, Adeniyi Oluwadare; Ogunsusi, Mayowa

doi:10.21608/eajbsh.2021.199654

Genotoxic Activities of Polysaccharides from Cotyledon and Coat of Fermented and Unfermented Annona squamosa L. Seed

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences Osun State University Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.

² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife

³ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

⁴ Department of Biochemistry, Hallmark University, Ijebu-Itele, Nigeria.

⁵ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

10.21608/eajbsh.2021.199654

Abstract

This study extracted polysaccharides from cotyledon and coats of fermented and unfermented A. squamosa seed and determined the genotoxic potential of the polysaccharides. Fresh and ripe sugar apple fruits were collected from an orchard at Ota-Efun, Osogbo, Nigeria and authenticated at IFE Herbarium, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The seeds were divided into two: a portion was fermented traditionally and the other unfermented. The cotyledon and the coat of both the fermented and unfermented seeds were separated and defatted. Polysaccharides were isolated to yield fermented cotyledon polysaccharide (FCP), fermented seed coat polysaccharide (FSCP), unfermented cotyledon polysaccharide (UCP), and unfermented seed coat polysaccharide (UFSCP). The estimation of hexoses, total hexosamines, and total uronic acid concentrations in the polysaccharide was carried out using HPLC. Genotoxic activities of the polysaccharides were investigated using standard methods.
The analyses of the polysaccharide composition revealed that the polysaccharides were all heteropolysaccharides. Genotoxic investigations of the polysaccharides revealed very low mitotic indices, chromosomal aberration, and very low LC₅₀.
The study concluded that the polysaccharides from fermented and unfermented cotyledon and coat of A. squamosa seeds have excellent genotoxic activities and potential compounds in the search for drugs for combating cancer and other diseases related to oxidative stress.

Keywords