2024-03-29T00:30:13Z
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=3548
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Relationship Between Genetic Structure and Yield Characteristics of Some Libyan and Egyptian Wheat Cultivars
Idris
Haiub
E.
Kandil
Nader
Abdelsalam
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop for human consumption and consider one of the world’s major cereal crops. The present study conducted at the Farm and Labs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Egypt to study the different morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics between some Egyptian and Libyan wheat cultivars during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons to estimate the genetic relationship. Based on morphological data the general genetic similirity between all wheat cultivars was 76%, the culster divided into two main groups e.g. the first group includes four Libyan wheat cultivars and the next group from the main culster includes all the Egyptian wheat with one cltivar from Libya (Sohag), The same results were found to Gemmeiza 9 was the onlyest cultivar in one custer by shareing the other Egyptian wheat. In total of 8 enzyme loci, three anodal and five cathodal loci were detected. One anodal (Pex.2a) was found as common band for all the cultivars for the positive charge. While three cathodal (pex 1c, pex 1c and pex 1c) were found to the negative charge. Pex.1a was found as unique for Egyptian wheat and (pex c4) was unique for Libyan and Egyptian wheat cultivars i.e. Sohag, Kofra, Kazeno, Kerem, Shakha 93 and Gemmeiza 9.Pex.5 was found in all wheat cultivars except Shakha 94. For the RAPD markers a total of 75 bands were detected among the studied cultivars. 53 bands showed polymorphism by 70.66 % genetic polymorphism. Out of these polymorphic bands, 13 unique bands were scored and the number of monomorphic bands was 9. These results could be helpful in study the genetic relationship between Egyptian and Libyan wheat cultivars.
Wheat
cultivars
Egypt
Libya
Genetic
structure
relationship
2018
12
01
1
17
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_16722_9873d6140584cff48c1dadee56d959f5.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Response of Some Egyptian and Iraqi Wheat Cultivars to Mineral and NanFertilization
Gomaa
A.
F.
Radwan
E.
Kandil
M.
Al-Msari
Twofield experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Faculty ofAgriculture (Saba- Basha), Abess Region, Alexandria University, Egypt, duringtwo seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 to study the response of some wheatcultivars to mineral and nano- fertilization. The experimental design wassplit- split plot system with three replicates. The main plots were occupied bythe three soil mineral fertilizer NPK treatments at therate of “100, 75, and 50%”. While,sub-plots contain three foliar application of nanofertilizer NPK fertilizertreatments “100, 75 and 50%”. Meanwhile, the four wheat cultivars “Sakha 93,Gemmeiza 11, AL-Rasheed and Abu Ghareb” are distributed at random in sub-subplots. plant height, spike length (cm), number of spikes/m2,number of spikelets /spike, number of grains/spike, 1000-grains weight (g),grain yield, straw yield (t/ha.), harvest index (HI %) and protein content wererecorded in both seasons. The obtained results revealed that fertilized wheatcultivar Sakha 93 by 75 % soil application of mineral fertilization by NPK withfoliar application of Nano- fertilizers (NPK) increased yield and itscomponents of the wheatcrop under theenvironmental conditions of Alexandria Governorate.
Egyptian
Iraqi
Wheat
cultivars
yield
Mineral
Nano
fertilization
2018
12
01
19
26
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_16726_845255933b6012c2a0c74b415c527740.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Genetic Diversity of Vernonia as Revealed By Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers
Nwakanma
C.
Adekoya
O.
Ogunkanmi
A.
Oboh
O.
Vernonia Schreb. is a genusin the family Asteraceae. It has over 1000 species which may be trees, shrubs,woody climbers or herbs. Some of the species are economically important assources of food and herbal medicine as well as for industrial purposes. Thisstudy was carried out to assess the genetic diversity of Vernoniaspecies in Nigeria. Molecular characterization was carried out on a total of 50Vernonia samples consisting of 34 samples (13 species) from fieldcollections and 16 samples (10 species) from Ife Herbarium collections making atotal of 23 species using 4 RAPD primers. Analysis of the molecular data wasdone using NTsys version 2.02j computer programme. Results from molecularstudies showed amplification through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with 4RAPD markers namely OPA-02, OPD-14, OPC-10 and OPE-01. Analysis of themolecular data grouped the samples into 4 Groups with only one speciesungrouped. Group I had 17 species, II had 3 species, III had 6 species while IVhad 2 species. V. amygdalina wasrepresented in all 4 Groups, V. glabra and V. guineense werepresent in Groups 1 and 3, V. tenoreana and V. purpurea werein Groups 1 and 2 respectively, while V.colorata remained ungrouped. All 50 Vernonia samples used in themolecular study clustered at 64% and analyzed at a similarity coefficient of72%. This analysis revealed that RADP markers are useful tools in assessing thelevel of genetic diversity in Vernonia.
Genetic diversity
Molecular characterization
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
Vernonia
2018
12
01
27
38
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_16729_7b71d8582734784ffa9e18384298ded6.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet under Boron and Mineral and Bio- Nitrogen Fertilization
Nadia
l El- Safy
Two field experiments were carried out at Al- Sabhia, the Agricultural Research Station, Alexandria, Egypt during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, to study the effect of mineral nitrogen with the bio-fertilizer (Rhizobacterin) and foliar application of boron levels on sugar beet. The experiment was conducted a split-plot design in three replications, where the main plots were assigned for mineral- bio nitrogen fertilizer levels, while the subplots were occupied by two levels of boron. The results indicated that increasing nitrogen fertilizer levels from 60 up to 100 kg N/fed combined with bio- fertilizer (Rhizobacterin) significantly increased fresh top yield, sugar yield, T.S.S.%, sucrose percentage and purity of sugar beet through the two seasons. Root yield significantly increased by increasing boron fertilizer levels from 0.5 up to 1 kg B /fed Application of mineral with bio- nitrogen fertilizers and foliar application of boron were associated with the significant effect on crop growth rate, leaf area index, root yield, sugar yield, TSS% and sucrose% under study conditions.
Bio-fertilizer
Boron
nitrogen
Mineral
Sugar beet
yield
Quality
2018
12
01
39
49
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_22720_f610a0b1336534eb00f4d5bc0e785db1.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Horticultural Performance, Yield Components and Sugar Content of Jerusalem Artichoke Cultivated Under the Middle Egypt Conditions
Yasser
Moustafa
Rabab
Maraei
Asmaa
Ezzat
Jerusalem artichoke is a hardy plant with high photosynthetic efficiency. It is used for many purposes such as human food and animal feedstock. Currently, it is important as a source of inulin, which is considered a functional food ingredient. Inulin or fructan depends on many factors such as photosynthesis and temperature. This study was conducted to investigate the horticultural characteristics, the yield of tubers and inulin content of Egyptian Jerusalem artichoke under Middle Egypt growing conditions. Results showed that there were differences in the shape and size of tubers. The morphological parameters; plant height was (201.0 and 204.33 cm) in the first and second seasons, respectively and the number of branches/plant, it was 42.67 and 41.67 in the first and second seasons, respectively. This study proved that tubers contain a high percentage of inulin which is widely found in nature as a storage carbohydrate, especially in the plants of the family of Asteraceae. So it is important to cultivate these plants in Egypt to bridge the gap of sugar needed to feed diabetics. Also, these plants grow under drought conditions and therefore suitable for cultivation in new lands in Egypt for local marketing or for export to increase the national income of Egypt from hard currency.
Jerusalem artichoke
Horticultural characteristics
Inulin content
2018
12
01
51
58
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_22721_69fec7061e12898523ec19f613afb0e4.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Leaf Epidermal Features in 14 Species of Vernonia.
Nwakanma
C.
Adekoya
O.
Ka.diri
.B.
Oboh
O.
The objective of this study was to assess the leaf epidermal micro-morphology in some Vernonia species in Nigeria. .In–situ morphological characterization was carried out on 61 field samples consisting of 14 Vernonia species collected from Nigeria. Light microscopic studies of the foliar epidermal micro-morphology were undertaken on the 14 Vernonia species from field collections with a view to elucidating the taxonomic significance of the epidermal features. The characters were analyzed to determine the variations which may be useful in species identification. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of epidermal characteristics revealed diagnostic features such as anomocytic stomatal type found on amphistomatic and hypostomatic leaves. Mean stomata index ranged from 1.06 % - 22.22 % in the genus. The epidermal cell shape was mostly polygonal or sinuous on both surfaces or polygonal or sinuous on either surface. Anticlinal wall pattern was straight or undulate on both surfaces or straight/curved or undulate on either surface, as well as wavy or undulate on either surface. Multicellular and other trichomes which manifested various geometrical forms were also observed.
Genetic diversity
foliar
epidermal micro-morphology
stomata
Vernonia
2018
12
01
59
73
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_22722_8d504d84f30df099ebbfa6d9b4beb242.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Water Chemistry, Microscopy and Algal Pigment Concentration Analyses of Phytoplankton in the Western and Eastern Parts of The Lagos Lagoon.
I.
Onyema
The phytoplankton community using microscopy and algal pigment concentrations at the western and eastern parts of the Lagos lagoon were monitored from November, 2015 to April, 2016 in relation to water chemistry changes. The phytoplankton spectrum and water quality parameters showed monthly variations linked with flood water inflow connected to the rainfall distributive pattern and tidal water incursion into the lagoon. Whereas salinity, total dissolved solids, conductivity, acidity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness and sulphate generally increased from November to April during the study period, total suspended solids, silica, pH and biological oxygen demand reduced likewise for both parts of the Lagos lagoon. Microscopy revealed a total of 17 phytoplankton species that consisted of three (3) major divisions. Diatoms (93.88%), blue-green algae (5.91%) and green algae (0.21%). Notable species were Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissma, Coscinodiscus radiatus, Thalassionema nitzschioides and Oscillatoria sancta. The occurrence of Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissma and Oscillatoria sancta clearly defined the low salinity period (wet season effect) in November within the lagoon at both the western and eastern portions. On the other hand the occurrence of Coscinodiscus radiatus, Thalassionema longissima and Thalassionema nitzschioides recorded in brackish water conditions reflected a period of increased salinity (dry season effect). Chlorophyll a estimates ranged between 8 and 19 µg/L, chlorophyll b was from 0.5 to 2.8 µg/L and phaeophytin a levels were between 0.1 and 0.4 µg/L. For the western part of the Lagos lagoon, chlorophyll a was positively correlated with chlorophyll b and phaeophytin a, whereas for the eastern part, phaeophytin a was positively correlated with chlorophyll a but negatively correlated with chlorophyll b. Present species diversity and number of individuals (as determined by microscopy) show an obvious reduction in these parameters compared to previous studies. The negative correlation effects of heavy metals especially in the western axis of the lagoon are possibly limiting primary productivity in the phytoplankton crop. Nutrients are probably not readily bioavailable for commensurate photosynthetic processes.
Photosynthetic pigments
Nutrients
Chlorophyll
phaeophytin
2018
12
01
75
85
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_24364_30a4c805a9ebf7ac9237b0d6b3916708.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Nutrients Dynamics and Trophic Status in A Tropical Ocean off The Lagos Coast, Nigeria
Akanmu
T.
A preliminary investigation of stoichiometric nutrient ratio and the trophic status in the neritic water off the coast of Lagos, Nigeria was conducted. Monthly water samples collected from May 2015 to April 2017 were analysed using standard methods. The nutrient molar stoichiometric ratio was assayed and analysed for the potentiality of its limitation using factomineR. Physical and chemical variables showed mild variations across bi-annual seasons. Analysis of variance on the physical variables (water temperature and rainfall) and some of the chemical variables (total suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, silica and manganese) showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). Whereas salinity, acidity, nitrate, phosphate, zinc, iron and chlorophyll a were not statistically different (p < /em> > 0.05) across the wet and dry seasons of the two-year study. The stoichiometric nutrient limitation transited from nitrate limiting in the wet season with mean N: P (35.23) to silica and phosphate limiting in the dry season with mean N: Si (8.46) and Si: P (6.73) respectively which were not in the criteria threshold. Trophic status in the study area was oligotrophic. This could be evident by the clarity of water measured by the total suspended values and oxygen availability throughout the sampled period due to the continuous mixing of the studied area.
Algal biomass
Atlantic Ocean
Stoichiometry
nitrate
Chlorophyll-a
2018
12
01
87
99
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_27736_61022401ccbe0ba9ac30639c70029e73.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
Removal of Algae from Surface Water by Deep Flotation
El Monayeri
S.
Bayoumi
S.
Atta
N.
Abeer
Amin
Abdou
A.
When algae are present in surface water it becomes an important issue in the production of drinking water, causing problems such as the interruption of coagulation and sedimentation processes and blockage of the filter. In this research, an evaluation is carried out on the effectiveness of deep flotation as an alternative method for algae removal from water. Different pressures of air and different depths of diffusers were applied. Results indicated that using deep floatation increases percentage removal of algae from 32 % (without any air) to 65% (at 6 bar pressure). Also the percentage removal of algae from raw water increases from 18 to 65 % when the applied air pressure increases from 1 bar to 6 bar, also percentage removal of algae increases from 53 to 65 % when the depth of diffuser increased from 5 to 10 m.
algae
Deep flotation
air pressure
depth of diffuser
Water treatment
2018
12
01
101
109
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_47394_d5da74a8ab1e7ea6886d5e4fd4dd25c2.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany
2090-3812
2090-3812
2018
9
1
GC-MS Analysis and Allelopathic Assessment of Aqueous Extract of Alhagi graecorum Boiss. Collected from Aljouf, KSA.
Haifa
Alhaithloul
In the current work, the experimental design aimed to assess the allelopathic effect of Alhagi graecorum Boiss. and to reveal bioactive metabolites that could interfere plant allelopathic interaction. Seeds of tomato,Solanum lycopersicum L., were used as allelopathic partner of A. graecorum. Averages of 46% inhibition in germination, 26.5 and 24% reductions in lengths of radicle and plumule of tomato’s seeds were observed, respectively. Lower concentration (1%) of the aqueous extract was stimulatory for elongation of radicle and plumule. Whilst, the concentrations 2 and 4% were inhibitory. One way ANOVA revealed overall significant differences (P= 000). Post-Hoc analyses assured significant differences (P< 000) between all crosses when compared to controls. GC-MS analysis of dichloromethane extract of A. graecorum resulted in identification of 12 bioactive compounds, separated within 7.2 to 41.3 min from injection. Two major peaks and other minor peaks were detected. Allelopathic effect of A. graecorum could be attributed to some of these compounds. In addition, other identified compounds were already known to have medicinal contributions in many diseases and disorders. Conclusively, our results confirmed the allelopathic potential of A. graecorum on tomato’s seeds. Additional studies on the biological activities of the identified compound are needed.
Allelopathy
Alhagi graecorum
Germination
Growth
allelochemicals
2018
12
01
111
119
https://eajbsh.journals.ekb.eg/article_64018_9f3e6b38aec48775ed7212fc43047df3.pdf