Assessment of Anti-inflammatory Activity of Prunus dulcis [Miller D.A. Webb (ALMOND)] SEED Aqueous Extract and Fractions

Olatunde, Omotosho Gbemiga; Abidemi, Oladiti Rashidat; Solomon, Baruwa Abayomi; Bawa, Joseph Aphet; Ibukun, Oyelekan Esther; Oluwatimilehin, Idowu Iyanuoluwa; Ayinke, Akinpelu Bolajoko

doi:10.21608/eajbsh.2022.265534

Assessment of Anti-inflammatory Activity of Prunus dulcis [Miller D.A. Webb (ALMOND)] SEED Aqueous Extract and Fractions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Medical Biochemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

10.21608/eajbsh.2022.265534

Abstract

Almonds (Prunus dulcis) seeds, from the Rosaceae family, have been reported to contain essential nutrients that reduced inflammation by lowering certain inflammatory markers. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of P. dulcis (Almond seed) extract and fractions (n-hexane and aqueous). Dried almond seed (700 g) was pulverized and soaked in distilled water for 24 hrs. The aqueous extract was filtered and the filtrate was lyophilized to obtain the seed aqueous crude extract. The crude extract portion was dissolved in water, partitioned with n-hexane and separately concentrated to dryness to obtain the aqueous and n-hexane fractions. Anti-inflammatory activity of almond seed extract and fractions were carried out via erythrocyte membrane stabilization, antitryptic and protein denaturation inhibitory assays. Results obtained shows that n-hexane fraction of P. dulcis seed stabilized stressed erythrocyte maximally (18.70 ± 3.23%) at 2.00 mg/mL and aqueous fraction (16.72 ± 1.97%) at 0.5 mg/mL, while aqueous extract highest % stability was 17.73± 2.32% at 2.00 mg/mL. Also, n-hexane fraction inhibited trypsin better at higher concentrations while the aqueous fraction was at a lower concentration. However, both showed better anti-tryptic activity than aqueous crude extract.Moreover, maximum percentage protein inhibitory activities for diclofenac (800 µg/ml), aqueous fraction (800 µg/ml), n-hexane fraction (1600 µg/ml) and aqueous extract (1600 µg/ml) were 72, 51, 35 and 32 respectively.This study concludes that almond seed fractions showed better anti-inflammatory activity compared to their crude extract. Therefore, the isolation of active compounds from these fractions may provide a novel anti-inflammatory drug.

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